Practice question
An instrument expressly requires ratification. A representative signs it, and an official argues that signature necessarily completes ratification. Which distinction in Pimentel matters?
- Signature and ratification are separate treaty-process steps
- Signature always makes every treaty fully ratified
- The Senate signature replaces every executive act
- A notary may supply ratification
- Publication in a newspaper is always the only required step
Legal references
- 1987 Constitution, ArticleII Section2 and ArticleVII Section21: https://lawphil.net/consti/cons1987.html
- Pimentel v. Office of the Executive Secretary, GR158088, July6 2005, main opinion: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2005/jul2005/gr_158088_2005.html
- Kuroda v. Jalandoni, GRL-2662, March26 1949, main opinion: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1949/mar1949/gr_l-2662_1949.html
Answer this question in flashcards to review your response and continue practicing.