Practice question
A duly accredited diplomatic agent, neither a national nor permanent resident of the receiving State, is sued in a real action over land there that he owns privately and does not hold for mission purposes. There is no special agreement expanding immunity. Which VCDR rule applies?
- No exception can ever apply to civil jurisdiction.
- The private-immovable-property exception in Article 31(1)(a) applies.
- Only the sending State's courts can ever hear any property dispute.
- The action automatically waives immunity in all criminal cases.
- The receiving State may arrest him merely because the civil action exists.
Legal references
- Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations (1961), Articles 22, 29, 31–32, https://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/conventions/9_1_1961.pdf
- Vienna Convention on Consular Relations (1963), Articles 36, 41 and 43, https://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/conventions/9_2_1963.pdf
Answer this question in flashcards to review your response and continue practicing.