Practice question
A corporation organized under foreign law seeks a Philippine public-utility authorization and shows seventy percent genuine Filipino capital in one voting-share class. No alternative exception is claimed. It argues the percentage alone supplies every corporate qualification in Section 11. Which is best?
- Any Filipino percentage automatically changes the place of incorporation.
- The Constitution never addresses corporate organization.
- Foreign incorporation is irrelevant in every public-utility case.
- Section 11 also requires the corporate or associational applicant to be organized under Philippine laws; the percentage alone does not meet that condition.
- The corporation becomes a Philippine citizen merely by changing its stationery.
Legal references
- 1987 Constitution: https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/3/353 Article XII, Section 11.
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