Practice question
A valid Senate impeachment judgment removes an officer and imposes the constitutionally permissible disqualification. The President later signs an instrument stating that the impeachment result is cancelled by pardon and that the official is reinstated on that basis alone. No independent issue concerning an ordinary criminal conviction is presented. Which assessment is strongest?
- Presidential signature overrides the express impeachment exception
- The official’s request alone expands clemency
- Any Cabinet vote supplies the missing power
- The Senate must treat the pardon as an amendment to Article XI
- The instrument cannot rest on the pardon power because Article VII expressly excepts impeachment
Legal references
- 1987 Constitution: https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/3/353; Article VII, Section 19; Article XI, Section 3(7).
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