Practice question
A private contractor knowingly joins a public officer as a co-principal in conduct violating RA 6713. The contractor claims the statute can never impose penal liability on a private individual, regardless of participation. Which is best?
- Every private individual is automatically guilty
- Only a person on the payroll can ever be liable
- The contractor may define the officer's ethics duties
- Section 11(c) expressly addresses private conspirators' penal liability, subject to proof of the specified participation
- Private status repeals the offense
Legal references
- Republic Act No. 6713, Sections 2-5 and 11: https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1989/ra_6713_1989.html
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