Practice question
After disagreeing with a ruling of a constitutionally independent commission, an executive official orders it reversed solely on the theory that the President appointed some commissioners and therefore controls all their decisions. No lawful review mechanism supports the order. Which answer best applies the constitutional distinction?
- Appointment necessarily creates control over every independent commission.
- Every national public body is an executive bureau under Section 17.
- Presidential preference alone can replace a commission's adjudication.
- Section 17's control over executive departments does not convert a constitutionally independent commission into an ordinary subordinate bureau.
- Independence means the commission is free from the Constitution itself.
Legal references
- 1987 Constitution, Article VII Section 17 and Article IX-A Section 1: https://lawphil.net/consti/cons1987.html
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