Practice question
An executive order suspends a permanent career employee as punishment solely for refusing a nonmandatory invitation to a partisan rally. The competent authority concedes that no statutory disciplinary offense or lawful cause exists, but argues that only dismissal, not punitive suspension, requires cause. Which answer is correct?
- Suspension is exempt from every tenure safeguard.
- The Constitution expressly protects against suspension without cause provided by law, so the stated distinction fails.
- The official may invent a statutory offense by calling the rally important.
- The employee automatically loses citizenship.
- Only the length of the rally determines legal cause.
Legal references
- 1987 Constitution: https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/3/353 Article IX-B, Section 2(3).
- Executive Order No. 292, Administrative Code of 1987, Book V, Title I, Subtitle A, Chapter 7, Section 46: https://lawphil.net/executive/execord/eo1987/eo_292_1987.html
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