Practice question
A lawyer says that amnesty and pardon must be treated identically when a court considers their existence because both are executive clemency. Explain Barrioquinto’s public-act and private-act distinction, separating existence of a grant from individual coverage.
Legal references
- Barrioquinto v. Fernandez, G.R. No. L-1278, January 21, 1949, main decision: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1949/jan1949/gr_l-1278_1949.html
- 1987 Constitution, Article VII, Section 19: https://lawphil.net/consti/cons1987.html
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