Practice question
A final judgment requires a convict to serve imprisonment and pay a criminal fine and civil indemnity to the victim. A valid presidential instrument expressly remits the criminal fine but says nothing extinguishing the victim's civil claim. The convict insists that both amounts disappear because both involve money. Which is correct?
- All monetary obligations are identical penalties
- The victim must abandon the claim whenever any fine is remitted
- Remission of the criminal fine does not by itself extinguish the separate civil indemnity
- The pardon automatically transfers the victim's claim to Congress
- A monetary fine can never be remitted
Legal references
- 1987 Constitution, Article VII, Section 19: https://lawphil.net/consti/cons1987.html
- Revised Penal Code, Articles 94 to 96 and 113: https://lawphil.net/statutes/acts/act1930/act_3815_1930.html
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