In General

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1. Which official is generally regarded as the chief architect of Philippine foreign policy?
2. Which is among the executive foreign-relations functions identified in Pimentel?
3. What constitutional check applies to a regular presidential appointment of an ambassador?
4. A senator attends a private overseas conference without executive authorization and announces that she has signed a tre…
5. An agreement is concededly a treaty requiring Article VII, Section 21 concurrence. Officials claim that the President's…
6. The President directs negotiators to develop a proposed treaty, and an authorized representative signs an instrument ex…
7. An international executive agreement is challenged in an actual case as violating an express constitutional restriction…
8. Explain why the President's role as chief architect of foreign policy does not mean that all diplomatic action is free …
9. A diplomat's signature is said to compel the President to ratify an instrument expressly made subject to ratification. …
10. Distinguish a constitutional challenge to an international executive agreement from disagreement with the President's d…
11. Which institution gives or withholds the concurrence described in Article VII, Section 21 for a treaty requiring that c…
12. As explained in Pimentel, may the President conduct treaty negotiations through properly authorized representatives?