Practice question
An executive order creates a new interconnected personal-data system. It leaves collection purposes undefined, says nothing about which officials may access the files and supplies no controls against unrelated use or leakage. Officials defend it only as convenient administration. Without addressing any later statute, which constitutional concern most closely follows Ople?
- Convenience automatically settles constitutionality
- Only data stored on paper can be protected
- Indefinite purposes and missing safeguards create serious informational-privacy concerns
- Every identity system is necessarily unconstitutional
- Privacy protects officials alone
Legal references
- Ople v. Torres, G.R. No. 127685, July 23, 1998, main opinion: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1998/jul1998/gr_127685_1998.html
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