Practice question
An employee invokes only Victoriano’s specific statutory exception while expressly denying any religious prohibition or conscientious objection and stating merely that union fees are inconvenient. No other legal claim is made. Which is sound?
- The case exempts every worker from every union-security term for any reason.
- The specific religious exception cannot be assumed applicable when its qualifying religious premise is expressly absent.
- All workers with fee concerns automatically acquire a religion.
- The employer may decide which theological beliefs are true.
- The absence of this exception abolishes every other possible labor right.
Legal references
- Victoriano v. Elizalde Rope Workers’ Union, G.R. No. L-25246, September 12, 1974, main decision: https://www.chanrobles.com/scdecisions/jurisprudence1974/sep1974/gr_l_25246_1974.php
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