Practice question
An agency memorandum changes the deadline every member of the public must meet to seek an administrative remedy. It has no new criminal penalty but directly changes available public procedure. Is no penalty enough to classify it as merely internal?
- Yes, only criminal penalties have external effects.
- No; the public procedural consequence prevents that sole inference.
- Yes, every memorandum is confidential staff business.
- Yes, if addressed to the records office.
- No, because all procedural rules automatically create crimes.
Legal references
- Executive Order No. 292, Administrative Code of 1987: https://lawphil.net/executive/execord/eo1987/eo_292_1987.html Book VII, Section 2(2).
- Tañada v. Tuvera, G.R. No. L-63915, December 29, 1986, main resolution: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1986/dec1986/gr_l-63915_1986.html
Answer this question in flashcards to review your response and continue practicing.