Practice question
Is a still-interlocutory administrative order automatically a final judgment for res judicata merely because it is printed on official stationery?
- No; finality and the other preclusion requirements still must be established.
- Yes; stationery always proves final merits adjudication.
- Yes; every hearing notice is a final judgment.
- Yes; signatures eliminate all jurisdiction questions.
- No, because a final quasi-judicial decision can never have preclusive effect.
Legal references
- Encinas v. Agustin, G.R. No. 187317, April 11, 2013, main decision: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2013/apr2013/gr_187317_2013.html
- Ligtas v. People, G.R. No. 200751, August 17, 2015, main decision: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2015/aug2015/gr_200751_2015.html
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