Philippine Bar review · Question

Practice question: Constructive Dismissal vs. Demotion

Multiple Choice Easy

Practice question

Who initially establishes the fact of dismissal before the employer must justify it?
  1. The employee
  2. Only the employer in every case without any initial showing
  3. Only an unrelated witness
  4. No one because a complaint proves itself
  5. Only the insurer

Legal references

  • Lagamayo v Cullinan GR227718 November11,2021 MAIN: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2021/nov2021/gr_227718_2021.html Distinction between just-cause dismissal and constructive dismissal.
  • Saudi Arabian Airlines v Castells GR245269 July28,2025 MAIN: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2025/jul2025/gr_245269_2025.html Objective inquiry and quitclaims.

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