Philippine Bar review · Question

Practice question: Constructive Dismissal vs. Demotion

Multiple Choice Hard

Practice question

A worker signs a fair informed settlement and claims coercion solely because the company supplied the printed form. No threat, deception or unreasonable employment condition is proved. Which analysis follows Castells?
  1. The form’s origin alone does not conclusively establish coercion; assess voluntariness and the actual circumstances
  2. Every employer-supplied form is automatically void
  3. Printed paper is conclusive proof of forced resignation
  4. Payment always negates understanding
  5. No settlement facts may be examined

Legal references

  • Lagamayo v Cullinan GR227718 November11,2021 MAIN: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2021/nov2021/gr_227718_2021.html Distinction between just-cause dismissal and constructive dismissal.
  • Saudi Arabian Airlines v Castells GR245269 July28,2025 MAIN: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2025/jul2025/gr_245269_2025.html Objective inquiry and quitclaims.

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