Practice question
An employer in a trade where deposits for equipment loss are otherwise lawfully recognized deducts a claimed breakage amount from a worker's deposit. It gives no opportunity to be heard and presents no clear showing that the worker caused the loss. It argues that lawful deposit-taking alone permits any deduction. Which is correct?
- A lawful deposit makes every later deduction valid.
- Only the employer's estimate matters.
- The worker must pay every loss whether responsible or not.
- Article 115 separately requires that the employee be heard and responsibility clearly shown before the stated loss deduction.
- A deposit automatically becomes the employer's profit.
Legal references
- Labor Code, DOLE consolidated 2022 edition, specified articles: https://natlex.ilo.org/dyn/natlex2/natlex2/files/download/15242/PHL15242%202022.pdf — Articles 112–119.
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