Practice question
A union’s written rules provide notice, a chance to answer and an internal appeal before a disputed expulsion becomes final. Officers summarily expel a member who challenges their handling of dues, ignore his timely appeal and declare him ineligible for the coming election. They claim that internal union matters are wholly beyond legal scrutiny. Which is best?
- The internal label eliminates every legal obligation
- Every challenge to dues automatically warrants expulsion
- The governing procedure and protected rights remain enforceable; officers cannot avoid scrutiny simply by calling the sanction internal
- The member must accept all procedural violations
- An election automatically validates earlier expulsions
Legal references
- Mendoza v.Manila Water Employees Union, GR201595, January25,2016: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2016/jan2016/gr_201595_2016.html
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