Practice question
Management donates printing services to an organization on the express condition that it campaign against an independent union under HR’s instructions. The assistance and control are proved to violate Article 259(d). Management says free services cannot support company-union characterization because they are not union dues. Which is correct?
- Only member dues can ever be relevant
- The proven unlawful noncash assistance can fall within the company-union definition
- Printing services are immune regardless of conditions
- Employer instructions are lawful whenever no cash changes hands
- The organization’s name alone determines independence
Legal references
- Labor Code, Articles 219(i), 251 and 259(d) (formerly 212(i), 242 and 248(d)), as applicable: https://lawphil.net/statutes/presdecs/pd1974/pd_442_1974.html
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