Practice question
In an ordinary Rule 45 petition from a CA labor judgment, should the lower court and its judges be impleaded as adverse respondents?
- Yes; the judges necessarily become personal judgment debtors.
- Only the appellate court’s landlord should be named.
- No; Rule 45 directs naming the adverse party without impleading the lower courts or judges.
- The successful private party must always be omitted.
- Every judge must personally defend the judgment as a litigant.
Legal references
- Rules of Court, Rule 45 Sections 2, 4-7: https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/rc_1-71_civil.html
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