Practice question
A business argues that calling payment a 'service fee' and the worker an 'independent contractor' conclusively prevents an employment relationship. Explain how the fourfold test addresses this argument, without assuming the underlying factors have already been proved.
Legal references
- https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/1/68763 — Ditiangkin v. Lazada E-Services Philippines, Inc., GR 246892, September 21, 2022, main decision, fourfold-test discussion.
- https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2025/aug2025/gr_220087_2025.html - Hacienda San Isidro/Silos Farms v. Villaruel, GR 220087, August 11, 2025, Court resolution, control and proof.
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