Question

Mr. Santos is a law-abiding citizen who closely follows updates on the laws in the Philippines. One day, he comes across a news article about a recently passed law that imposes stricter penalties for speeding violations. The article mentions that the law will take effect immediately upon publication in the official gazette. However, Mr. Santos is uncertain about the specific details and implications of the publication requirement.

In relation to the effect and application of laws, particularly on the topic of when the law takes effect through publication, answer the following questions:

1. What is the significance of publication in relation to the effect and application of laws in the Philippines?
2. Is publication necessary for all laws to take effect? Explain your answer.
3. Can a law take effect prior to publication? Provide an example to support your answer.
4. What are the consequences if a law is not properly published?