Question

Alex and Maria were married for several years and had a daughter named Samantha. However, rumors began circulating that Alex may not be the biological father of Samantha. Alex decided to take legal action to impugn Samantha's legitimacy.

Discuss the specific provisions of the Family Code on the action to impugn legitimacy (Family Code, Articles 166 and 170-171) that Alex can rely on in his case. Include in your discussion the grounds for impugning legitimacy, the time limits for bringing the action, and the effect of a successful impugnation on Samantha's status.