Question

John and Mary have been married for ten years. However, their relationship has been deteriorating over the past few years due to irreconcilable differences and frequent arguments. They have decided to pursue legal separation as a means to formally end their marriage without resorting to divorce.

Based on the provisions of the Family Code of the Philippines (Art. 55-67), answer the following questions:

1. What is legal separation and how does it differ from divorce?
2. What are the grounds for legal separation as stated in the Family Code?
3. In John and Mary's case, do they meet the requirements for legal separation? Explain.
4. What are the effects of legal separation on the rights and obligations of the spouses?
5. Suppose John and Mary have two minor children. How will legal separation affect their parental authority and the custody of the children?