Question

Scenario 1:

John, a resident of Metro City, was unaware of a new ordinance passed by the local government requiring pet owners to register their animals and pay an annual fee. One day, John's neighbor filed a complaint against him for not complying with the ordinance. John argues that since he was not aware of the law, he should not be held accountable. Assess the validity of John's argument based on the provisions of the Civil Code regarding the effect and application of laws.

Scenario 2:

ABC Corporation, a popular retail company, is planning to implement a new policy that will affect all its employees. The policy involves changes in working hours and benefits. The company informs its employees about the new policy by posting a memo on the notice board in the hallway of the office building. One of the employees claims that the new policy cannot be enforced because it was not published in a newspaper of general circulation. Analyze the employee's claim in light of the provisions of the Civil Code regarding the effect and application of laws.