Question

A law has been enacted that repeals a specific provision in an existing law. Discuss the effect of such repeal on the following situations:

1. Case 1: The repealed provision was already the subject of ongoing litigation before the enactment of the repealing law.
2. Case 2: A contract was entered into and executed prior to the enactment of the repealing law, but its validity is affected by the repealed provision.
3. Case 3: A criminal offense was committed before the enactment of the repealing law, but it is no longer punishable under the repealed provision.