Question

Mr. Garcia, a Filipino citizen, was involved in a car accident while on vacation in Japan. The Japanese court rendered a judgment holding Mr. Garcia liable for damages and ordering him to pay compensation to the injured party. Upon Mr. Garcia's return to the Philippines, the injured party seeks to enforce the Japanese judgment against him.

Discuss the requirements and procedure for the recognition and enforcement of the foreign judgment in the Philippines, citing the relevant provisions of the Civil Code.

Additionally, determine whether there are any grounds or defenses that Mr. Garcia can raise to challenge the enforcement of the foreign judgment. Explain your answer.