Question

Alice and Bob have been dating for several years and have made a promise to marry each other. They have even started planning their wedding and have shared this information with their family and friends. However, as the wedding date approaches, Bob suddenly breaks off the engagement and refuses to marry Alice. This has caused Alice emotional distress and financial loss as she has already made wedding preparations and incurred expenses.

Considering the principles under the Civil Code regarding Abuse of Rights (Arts. 19-22), analyze the legal implications of Bob's breach of promise of marriage towards Alice. Discuss the following:

1. Define the concept of Abuse of Rights under the Civil Code.
2. Can Bob's actions be considered as an abuse of rights? Explain your answer.
3. Discuss the potential remedies available to Alice under Philippine law for the breach of promise of marriage.
4. Are there any defenses that Bob can raise to justify his actions? Explain.