Question

Scenario 1:

Juan and Maria are a married couple who have been living a happy married life for several years. Unfortunately, Maria suddenly passes away due to a tragic accident. They have one child, Sofia. After the death of Maria, Juan wants to know the legal implications of her death on their marital status and the civil personality of Maria.

Scenario 2:

Carlos, a Filipino citizen, had been working as a seafarer for many years. Due to a medical condition, Carlos passed away while on board a vessel during one of his contracts. His family wants to understand the legal consequences of Carlos' death on his civil personality and how it affects their entitlement to his estate.

Based on the given scenarios, answer the following questions:

1. Explain the effect of Maria's death on her marital status, as well as the civil personality of Maria, in relation to the Civil Code (Articles 40-42).
2. In the case of Carlos, discuss the impact of his death on his civil personality and how it relates to the succession and entitlement to his estate.