Question

1. Juan and Maria got married in a civil ceremony last year. However, a few months later, they found out that their marriage ceremony was not registered with the Civil Registry. Despite this, they continued to live together as husband and wife. Juan recently passed away and left a substantial inheritance. Maria is now claiming to be his legal wife and entitled to inherit his properties. Discuss whether Maria has a valid claim based on the Civil Code provisions on the commencement of civil personality.

2. Tony, a Filipino citizen, has been residing in the United States for several years. He acquired American citizenship through naturalization and renounced his Philippine citizenship in the process. However, Tony decides to visit the Philippines for vacation and gets into a car accident during his stay. He sustains serious injuries and requires medical treatment. Can Tony still avail himself of his rights as a Filipino citizen under the Civil Code regarding the end of civil personality? Discuss.

3. Ana, a well-known actress, decided to retire from showbiz and devote her time to her family. She intentionally withdrew from public life and avoided any public appearances for the next ten years. During this period, Ana did not engage in any business activities, nor did she enter into any contracts. Recently, she expressed her intention to return to showbiz and resume her acting career. Are there any legal implications on Ana's civil personality, specifically with regard to the commencement and end of her civil personality, based on the Civil Code provisions? Explain.