Question

A. Natural Persons: Commencement and End of Civil Personality - Civil Code, Articles 40-42

1. Juan and Maria got married in the Philippines in 2010. Ten years later, they decided to legally separate and filed for annulment of their marriage. The court granted their annulment petition in 2022. Discuss the legal effects of the annulment on the civil personality of Juan and Maria, taking into consideration the provisions of the Civil Code.

2. Pedro, a Filipino citizen, migrated to the United States in 2015 and became a naturalized American citizen in 2018. In 2021, Pedro decided to renounce his American citizenship and expressed his intent to reacquire his Philippine citizenship. Evaluate the process and legal implications of Pedro's renunciation of foreign citizenship and the reacquisition of his Philippine citizenship under Philippine laws.

3. Maria, a 20-year-old woman, has been missing for more than ten years. Her family has made efforts to locate her but to no avail. In 2022, her family decided to file a petition for the declaration of her presumptive death. Discuss the legal requirements and consequences of the declaration of presumptive death, as provided for in the Civil Code.