Practice question
A commission agent receives goods with both material and juridical possession and a duty to deliver or return them. He deliberately converts them to his use to another's prejudice, and the Article 315(1)(b) elements are proved. Which offense fits that form of fraud?
- Estafa with abuse of confidence.
- Indirect bribery.
- Qualified trespass.
- Homicide.
- No offense because initial receipt was lawful.
Legal references
- Revised Penal Code, Act No. 3815, specified articles, as amended: https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/28/20426; Articles 293, 308 and 310, as amended.
- RA 10951, current amended RPC provisions and monetary thresholds: https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2017/ra_10951_2017.html; Sections 81 and 85, amended Articles 309 and 315.
- Buenaflor v Office of the Secretary of Justice, G.R. No. 277067, May 7, 2025, main decision, juridical possession and Article 315(1)(b): https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2025/may2025/gr_277067_2025.html
- Reside v People, G.R. No. 210318, July 28, 2020, main decision, material possession and qualified theft: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2020/jul2020/gr_210318_2020.html
- People v Esugon, G.R. No. 195244, June 22, 2015, main decision, prior intent to rob and robbery with homicide: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2015/jun2015/gr_195244_2015.html
- RA 10883, Section 3, current carnapping definition: https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2016/ra_10883_2016.html
- RA 7659, Sections 6–9, amended murder, infanticide, kidnapping and robbery provisions, subject to RA 9346 death-penalty prohibition: https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1993/ra_7659_1993.html; Article 294.
- RA 9346, Sections 1–4, death-penalty prohibition, substitute penalties and clemency: https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2006/ra_9346_2006.html
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