Practice question
Which unpaid pecuniary liability is the subject of Article 39's subsidiary personal liability?
- The criminal fine specified by the provision.
- Every award of civil damages.
- All private loans of the accused.
- Only litigation expenses.
- Every monetary obligation without distinction.
Legal references
- RA 10159, Section 1 amending RPC Article 39, subsidiary personal liability: https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2012/ra_10159_2012.html
- Nanzan v People, G.R. No. 262084, April 3, 2024, main decision, fine distinct from civil indemnity and current subsidiary rate: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2024/apr2024/gr_262084_2024.html
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