Practice question
Under Bayotas, death while conviction remains pending appeal ordinarily extinguishes what?
- Only the appeal fee
- Criminal liability and civil liability based solely on the offense
- Every possible independent civil obligation
- Only the victim’s testimony
- The criminal liability of all codefendants
Legal references
- https://lawphil.net/statutes/acts/act1930/act_3815_1930.html — RPC Article 89(1): death, personal penalties and pecuniary penalties before final judgment.
- https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri1994/sep1994/gr_102007_1994.html — People v. Bayotas, G.R. 102007, September 2, 1994, main decision: death pending appeal and separate sources of civil obligations.
- https://lawphil.net/courts/rules/rc_110-127_crim.html — Rule 111 section 4: death during criminal proceedings, surviving independent civil claims and proper representation.
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