Practice question
An unlawful minor injury completely heals. Reliable evidence proves that a later independent collision, wholly unrelated to the original incident, alone causes death. What follows for the original assailant’s causal responsibility for that death?
- Every later death remains attributable forever
- Healing automatically excuses the original injury
- The independent collision defeats attribution of that death on these facts, without erasing liability for the original injury
- The collision proves the original assault was justified
- The assailant must be convicted of homicide solely because the injury came first
Legal references
- https://lawphil.net/statutes/acts/act1930/act_3815_1930.html — RPC Article 4(1): causal responsibility for consequences.
- https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2005/mar2005/gr_155791_2005.html — Quinto v. Andres, G.R. 155791, March 16, 2005, main decision: distinct foreign active cause and criminal causation.
- https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2023/mar2023/gr_238798_2023.html — CICL XXX v. People, G.R. 238798, March 14, 2023, main decision: alleged medical delay does not automatically break the injury-to-death chain.
- https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2011/sep2011/gr_186412_2011.html — People v. Villacorta, G.R. 186412, September 7, 2011, main decision: evidentiary failure linking the initial wound to fatal infection, not a categorical infection rule.
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