Alternative Circumstances

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1. Does the mere description “close family friend” itself establish an Article 15 relationship?
2. The accused and offended party are first cousins only, with no other listed relationship. A party invokes Article 15 so…
3. The offended party is established to be the accused’s adopted sister. The prosecution says adopted relationships are ca…
4. A litigant quotes Article 11(2)’s fourth-degree consanguinity category and inserts it into Article 15 to modify punishm…
5. A claimant proves only that the accused and offended party treated each other as siblings socially; they are neither bi…
6. Compare Article 15’s relationship scope with Article 11(2)’s extended-relative provision.
7. An adopted sibling is excluded from Article 15 merely for not sharing biological parentage. Evaluate.
8. Explain why “like a sibling” is not automatically the statutory adopted-sibling relationship.