Practice question
A mission administrative-and-technical staff member is neither a receiving-State national nor permanent resident and satisfies Article 37(2). A prosecutor applies the service-staff official-act limitation to deny criminal immunity for a private act. What category distinction matters?
- Article 37(2) extends criminal immunity, while its private-act limitation concerns civil and administrative jurisdiction
- All mission personnel have only service-staff immunity
- Every private act falls outside criminal immunity for that category
- Administrative staff can never enjoy Article 31 protection
- Category conditions may always be ignored
Legal references
- Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations, Articles 37-39: https://legal.un.org/ilc/texts/instruments/english/conventions/9_1_1961.pdf
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