Practice question
What declaration is relevant to avoiding the ordinary COGSA Section 4(5) limit?
- The consignee's estimate made only after the loss.
- Only the number of vessel crew members.
- The nature and value declared before shipment and inserted in the bill of lading.
- The carrier's insurance premium alone.
- A statement of the vessel's age.
Legal references
- Eastern Shipping Lines v. BPI/MS Insurance, G.R. No. 182864, January 12, 2015, main decision, COGSA Section 4(5): https://www.lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2015/jan2015/gr_182864_2015.html
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