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Philippine Bar review · Question

Practice question: Active vs. Passive Income

Essay Hard

Practice question

A repair entrepreneur also receives domestic dividends and actively earns licensing income. Explain why business ownership does not merge the streams and why the royalty label is insufficient.

Legal references

  • RA 12214 (CMEPA), Sections 3-4, 8 and 28, amended NIRC Sections 22, 24 and 32 and transition: https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2025/ra_12214_2025.html

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