Philippine Bar review · Question

Practice question: Reciprocity

Multiple Choice Hard Jurisprudence

Practice question

An otherwise eligible foreign private investor seeks a qualifying above-fifty-percent critical-infrastructure holding. Its country permits Philippine nationals the same capital investment value in a qualifying economic activity, proved by proper documents, though not majority equity in that activity. An objector invokes only the absence of majority-equity permission. Which is best?
  1. The separate same-value route in IRR45(b)(ii) must also be assessed; absence of the other route alone is not conclusive.
  2. The IRR recognizes only a majority-equity route.
  3. The documents automatically remove every unrelated ownership restriction.
  4. Only the investor's personal friendship with the seller matters.
  5. The reciprocity requirement disappears whenever the foreign country limits equity.

Legal references

  • RA 11659, amending CA146, public-utility definition and national-security safeguards: https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/94539
  • Signed March 20, 2023 implementing rules of RA11659, Sections 5-7 and 32-45: https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/97017

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