Practice question
An administrative agency declares a nonlisted service a public utility solely by circular, without a subsequent law. The operator asks whether the agency’s label alone expands section 13(d). Which is best?
- Every agency label automatically amends the list
- Only market popularity matters
- The Act says no other person is deemed a public utility unless subsequently provided by law; the recommendation process is not unilateral agency lawmaking
- All public services automatically remain utilities regardless of text
- A private contract can expand the statutory list
Legal references
- https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2022/ra_11659_2022.html — RA 11659, sections 2, 4 and 13 amending CA 146
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