Practice question
Two differently branded products perform the same task, are readily available to the same buyers, and can be substituted promptly without material cost. May they be placed in separate product markets solely because their trademarks differ?
- Yes, brands conclusively determine market boundaries
- No; the substitution evidence must be examined rather than treating brand difference as decisive
- Yes, all distinct trademarks necessarily create separate markets
- No, because every product in the country belongs to one market
- Yes, unless the firms have identical shareholders
Legal references
- RA 10667, Philippine Competition Act, Sections 4, 14–15 and 24–27: https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/63120
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