Practice question
A trade association’s competing members adopt and implement an informal collective recommendation to use a uniform service fee. The arrangement and restriction as to price are established. They defend solely on the recommendation’s noncontractual label. Which is sound?
- Every recommendation is outside the definition
- The definition includes collective recommendations and informal arrangements, so the label alone does not defeat Section 14(a)(1)
- All association members automatically become a single entity
- Only a notarized agreement can matter
- A service fee is never a price
Legal references
- RA 10667, Philippine Competition Act, Sections 4, 14-15 and 24-27: https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra2015/ra_10667_2015.html
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