Practice question
A thirteen-year-old with no parents or guardian causes proved actionable damage. The defense invokes absence of criminal responsibility as necessarily eliminating Article 2182 civil responsibility. Which is best?
- Criminal exemption alone does not erase the express civil mechanism; its substantive and procedural requirements must be applied.
- Criminal exemption repeals Article 2182.
- Civil property responsibility always requires imprisonment first.
- The claimant may take property privately.
- A guardian ad litem becomes personally liable solely by appointment.
Legal references
- Civil Code Articles 1173, 2176, 2180-2184: https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1949/ra_386_1949.html
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