Practice question
A claimant identifies a defendant as the last institution involved but establishes neither negligence nor a fair preventive opportunity. Is the doctrine automatically satisfied?
- Yes; last involvement alone controls.
- Yes; institutional status supplies all elements.
- Yes; the claimant’s loss is sufficient.
- No; financial institutions are always immune.
- No.
Legal references
- BPI v. Spouses Quiaoit, G.R. No. 199562, January 16, 2019, main decision: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2019/jan2019/gr_199562_2019.html
- Tiu v. Arriesgado, G.R. No. 138060, September 1, 2004, main decision: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2004/sep2004/gr_138060_2004.html
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