Practice question
Can an act be both the immediate and proximate cause on appropriate facts?
- No, the categories are necessarily mutually exclusive.
- No, a direct impact can never be legally relevant.
- No, all proximate causes must be years earlier.
- Yes, if the act directly produces the injury and satisfies the legal causation test.
- Yes, solely because someone labels it both.
Legal references
- https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1949/ra_386_1949.html — Civil Code, article2176.
- https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2017/mar2017/gr_164749_2017.html — Abrogar v Cosmos Bottling, GR 164749, March 15 2017, main opinion: temporal proximity and natural causal chain.
- https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2023/jun2023/gr_254395_2023.html — Davao del Norte Electric Cooperative v Heirs of Lucas, GR 254395, June 14 2023, main opinion: earlier operative negligence despite later events.
Answer this question in flashcards to review your response and continue practicing.