Practice question
A valid applicable stipulation expressly assigns the relevant fortuitous-event risk to a party. That party invokes Article 1174 as necessarily overriding the stipulation. Which is sound?
- The general exemption always erases valid risk allocation.
- Every risk allocation is criminal.
- The party’s preferred reading automatically controls.
- Stipulations matter only after insurance pays.
- The statutory stipulation exception must be considered.
Legal references
- Civil Code Articles 1174, 1759, 2176-2180: https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1949/ra_386_1949.html
- Mindex Resources Development v. Morillo, G.R. No. 138123, March 12, 2002, main decision: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2002/mar2002/gr_138123_2002.html
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