Practice question
A defendant negligently performs one act, but the court finds it had no causal connection to the plaintiff’s proved injury. A wholly independent cause produced the injury. The plaintiff argues negligence plus any loss necessarily suffices. Which is best?
- Any negligence makes the defendant liable for every loss worldwide.
- The plaintiff need not establish any connection.
- The missing causal connection defeats the stated negligence claim despite proof of a separate care failure and an injury.
- A wrongfully performed act creates a contract with every bystander.
- The independent cause must be ignored automatically.
Legal references
- https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1949/ra_386_1949.html — Civil Code, articles 1173,2176–2179 and 2185.
- https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/18/70498 — Laza v Standard Insurance, GR 279772, June 29 2026, main opinion: negligent conduct, damage, and proximate cause.
Answer this question in flashcards to review your response and continue practicing.