Practice question
A payer proves a genuine difficult-law misunderstanding but the court finds that, correctly applying the law, the exact sum paid was actually due to the recipient. The payer argues that proof of legal error alone requires a refund. Which answer is correct?
- Any legal error automatically defeats an otherwise due payment
- The lack of an undue payment defeats the claimed solutio indebiti despite the mistaken reasoning
- The recipient must always repay twice
- The debt becomes invalid solely because the payer misunderstood it
- Article 2154 has no separate entitlement requirement
Legal references
- Civil Code Articles 3 and 2154–2156: https://lawphil.net/statutes/repacts/ra1949/ra_386_1949.html
- Domestic Petroleum Retailer v. MIAA, GR 210641, March 27, 2019, main decision: https://lawphil.net/judjuris/juri2019/mar2019/gr_210641_2019.html
Answer this question in flashcards to review your response and continue practicing.