Practice question
A debtor partly complies with the principal obligation. The creditor demands the full penalty without any equitable adjustment. What does Article 1229 direct?
- Judges may never examine the penalty
- The judge shall equitably reduce it for partial or irregular compliance
- Partial compliance automatically cancels the entire debt
- Every penalty becomes criminal punishment
- The debtor fixes the reduction alone
Legal references
- Civil Code, Article 1229: https://elibrary.judiciary.gov.ph/thebookshelf/showdocs/2/53360
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